考研英语写作是许多考生备考过程中的难点，尤其是大作文（通常是图画作文或图表作文）和小作文（应用文，如书信、通知等）的写作。掌握一些万能句型可以帮助你快速构建文章框架，提升语言表达的准确性和丰富性。本文将系统汇总考研英语写作中的万能句型，涵盖开头、主体、结尾等各个部分，并提供具体应用示例，帮助你轻松应对写作难题。
一、考研英语写作概述
考研英语写作分为大作文和小作文两部分。大作文通常要求根据图画或图表写一篇150-200词的短文，考察考生的描述、分析和议论能力；小作文则要求写一篇100词左右的应用文，如建议信、投诉信、邀请信等，考察实用写作技能。万能句型是指那些结构固定、适用性广的表达方式，它们可以帮助考生在短时间内组织语言，避免语法错误，同时提升文章的逻辑性和高级感。使用时，需根据具体话题灵活替换关键词，确保内容贴切。
二、大作文万能句型
大作文的结构通常包括开头段（描述图画/图表）、主体段（分析原因/影响）和结尾段（总结/评论）。以下是各段的常用句型，每个句型后附带解释和示例。
1. 开头段句型（描述图画或图表）
开头段需要简洁描述内容，并引出主题。这些句型能帮助你快速切入正题。
句型1: As is vividly depicted in the picture/graph, …
解释：用于描述图画或图表的内容，强调生动性。
示例：As is vividly depicted in the picture, a young man is sitting in front of a computer, looking puzzled by the overwhelming information online. This illustrates the issue of information overload in the digital age.句型2: The picture/graph shows that …
解释：直接陈述事实，适用于简单描述。
示例：The graph shows that the number of college graduates has been increasing steadily over the past decade, reaching 10 million in 2023.句型3: What is strikingly illustrated in the picture is that …
解释：强调图画的突出特点，增强吸引力。
示例：What is strikingly illustrated in the picture is that a student is cheating in an exam, which highlights the importance of academic integrity.句型4: From the picture, we can see that …
解释：引导读者观察，适合初学者。
示例：From the picture, we can see that an old man is planting trees alone, symbolizing the spirit of environmental protection.
2. 主体段句型（分析原因、影响或举例）
主体段是文章的核心，需要展开论述。以下句型适用于原因分析、影响讨论或举例说明。
句型1: There are several reasons for this phenomenon. Firstly, … Secondly, …
解释：用于列举原因，结构清晰。
示例：There are several reasons for this phenomenon. Firstly, the rapid development of technology has made information more accessible. Secondly, people’s increasing awareness of health has led to more outdoor activities.句型2: This trend has far-reaching implications. On the one hand, … On the other hand, …
解释：讨论影响，平衡正反两面。
示例：This trend has far-reaching implications. On the one hand, it promotes economic growth. On the other hand, it may cause environmental pollution.句型3: For instance, … / Take … as an example.
解释：用于举例，支持论点。
示例：For instance, many young people now prefer online shopping because it is convenient and time-saving. Take Alibaba as an example, its sales volume on Singles’ Day exceeds billions of yuan annually.句型4: It is undeniable that …
解释：强调事实，增强说服力。
示例：It is undeniable that education plays a crucial role in personal development and social progress.
3. 结尾段句型（总结、建议或展望）
结尾段需总结全文，并提出个人观点或建议。
句型1: In conclusion, / To sum up, …
解释：标准总结句，适用于各种话题。
示例：In conclusion, we should take effective measures to address the problem of air pollution.句型2: From my point of view, …
解释：表达个人观点，保持客观。
示例：From my point of view, college students should balance their studies and part-time jobs to avoid burnout.句型3: It is high time that we took action to …
解释：呼吁行动，语气强烈。
示例：It is high time that we took action to protect endangered species from extinction.句型4: I hope that in the future, …
解释：展望未来，积极结尾。
示例：I hope that in the future, more people will realize the importance of mental health and seek help when needed.
三、小作文万能句型
小作文注重实用性和礼貌性，根据类型（如书信、通知）不同，句型有所差异。以下是常见应用文的万能句型。
1. 书信类通用句型（建议信、投诉信、邀请信等）
书信开头需称呼，正文说明目的，结尾表达感谢或期待。
开头句型: Dear …, I am writing to …
解释：直接说明写信目的。
示例（建议信）：Dear Professor Li, I am writing to offer some suggestions on improving our campus library services.正文句型: I would like to suggest that … / I am afraid that …
解释：提出建议或表达不满。
示例（投诉信）：I am afraid that the quality of the product I purchased last week is not as described on your website.邀请句型: I would be delighted if you could …
解释：礼貌邀请。
示例（邀请信）：I would be delighted if you could join us for the English speech contest next Friday.结尾句型: Thank you for your time and consideration. / I look forward to your reply.
解释：礼貌结束。
示例：Thank you for your time and consideration. I look forward to your reply.
2. 通知/公告类句型
通知需简洁明了，包含时间、地点、事件。
开头: This is to inform you that …
示例：This is to inform you that a lecture on environmental protection will be held in Room 101 at 2 p.m. on October 15.正文: All members are required to attend. / Please note that …
示例：All members are required to attend the meeting. Please note that latecomers will not be admitted.结尾: For further information, please contact …
示例：For further information, please contact the Student Union at 123-4567.
3. 其他应用文（如道歉信、感谢信）
道歉信: I apologize for … / I am sorry that …
示例：I apologize for the inconvenience caused by the delay in delivery.感谢信: I am writing to express my gratitude for …
示例：I am writing to express my gratitude for your generous help during my stay in Beijing.
四、高级句型和过渡词
为了提升文章档次，可使用以下高级表达和过渡词。
高级句型: Not only …, but also …
示例：Not only does reading broaden our horizons, but it also enriches our inner world.倒装句: Only by doing … can we …
示例：Only by working hard can we achieve our dreams.强调句: It is … that …
示例：It is perseverance that leads to success.过渡词: Furthermore, However, Therefore, In addition
示例：The environment is deteriorating. Furthermore, pollution affects our health. Therefore, we must act now.
五、应用示例：完整大作文
以下是一个完整的大作文示例，使用上述句型，主题为“环境保护”。
As is vividly depicted in the picture, a factory is releasing thick smoke into the sky, while a bird is flying away with a mask on. This scene illustrates the serious problem of air pollution in our country. What is strikingly illustrated in the picture is that human activities are destroying the natural environment.
There are several reasons for this phenomenon. Firstly, industrial development has led to excessive emissions. Secondly, people’s lack of environmental awareness exacerbates the issue. For instance, many cities in China, such as Beijing, frequently experience smog days, which harm public health. It is undeniable that this trend has far-reaching implications. On the one hand, it affects our daily lives. On the other hand, it threatens biodiversity.
In conclusion, it is high time that we took action to protect our environment. From my point of view, the government should enforce stricter regulations on pollution. I hope that in the future, blue skies will return to our cities.
(Word count: 158)
六、应用示例：完整小作文
以下是一个建议信示例，主题为“改善学校食堂”。
Dear Dining Hall Manager,
I am writing to offer some suggestions on improving our campus cafeteria. As a frequent visitor, I have noticed that the food variety is limited, and the waiting time is often too long.
I would like to suggest that more healthy options, such as salads and fruits, be added to the menu. Furthermore, introducing a queuing system could reduce waiting times. For instance, many universities in the US use apps for pre-ordering, which saves time and improves efficiency.
Thank you for your time and consideration. I look forward to your reply and hope to see positive changes soon.
Sincerely,
Li Ming
(Word count: 98)
七、备考建议
- 多练习：每天写一篇作文，使用这些句型替换关键词，形成肌肉记忆。
- 背诵模板：将句型分类背诵，但避免生搬硬套，确保内容连贯。
- 注意语法：使用高级句型时，检查时态和主谓一致。
- 扩展词汇：结合句型积累同义词，如“problem”可替换为“issue”或“challenge”。
- 时间管理：大作文控制在25-30分钟，小作文15-20分钟。
通过掌握这些万能句型，你可以大大降低写作难度，提升得分。记住，练习是关键，坚持下去，考研英语写作将不再是难题！