引言:考研英语二写作的重要性与挑战
考研英语二写作部分是许多考生备考中的痛点,总分15分,包括小作文(10分)和大作文(15分)。它不仅考察语言表达能力,还测试逻辑思维和文化适应性。根据历年真题分析,高分作文往往结构清晰、语言地道、论点充分,而低分作文则常因模板生搬硬套或忽略细节而失分。本文将详细盘点考研英语二写作的高分模板(包括小作文和大作文),并剖析常见失分点,帮助你避开雷区,实现高效备考。记住,模板是工具,不是万能钥匙;灵活运用才能真正“上岸”。
第一部分:考研英语二写作概述
考研英语二写作的结构与评分标准
考研英语二写作分为两部分:Part A(小作文,约100词)和Part B(大作文,约150词)。小作文多为应用文,如书信、通知或摘要;大作文则为图表作文,常涉及社会现象、经济趋势或教育话题。评分标准包括:内容完整性(40%)、语言准确性(30%)、组织结构(20%)和词汇语法多样性(10%)。高分作文需达到:内容切题、逻辑连贯、语言无重大错误、词汇丰富。
备考建议:多练真题,积累话题词汇(如经济类:GDP growth, sustainable development;教育类:online learning, critical thinking)。避免死记硬背,理解模板的逻辑框架。
第二部分:小作文高分模板
小作文强调实用性,常考书信类型(如建议信、投诉信、感谢信)。模板应简洁、礼貌、针对性强。以下提供通用框架和具体示例。
通用小作文模板框架
开头(Opening):问候+表明身份+目的(1-2句)。
- 示例:Dear [收信人], I am [你的身份], and I am writing to [目的,如express my concern about…].
主体(Body):详细说明原因、建议或描述(2-3段,每段1-2句)。用连接词如Firstly, Secondly, Moreover增强逻辑。
- 示例:Firstly, [原因1]. Secondly, [原因2]. Therefore, I suggest [具体建议].
结尾(Closing):表达期望+结束语(1句)。
- 示例:I hope my suggestions will be helpful. Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, [你的名字].
示例1:建议信(Advice Letter)
假设题目:给学校图书馆写信,建议改善服务(如延长开放时间)。
高分范文模板应用:
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am a frequent visitor to our university library, and I am writing to offer some suggestions for improving its services.
Firstly, the current opening hours, from 8 a.m. to 9 p.m., are too limited for many students who have evening classes or part-time jobs. For instance, last week I had to leave early due to a group project meeting, which disrupted my study schedule. Secondly, the Wi-Fi connection in the reading area is often unstable, causing inconvenience when accessing online resources. Therefore, I suggest extending the hours to 10 p.m. on weekdays and upgrading the Wi-Fi equipment.
I hope these suggestions will be taken into consideration. Thank you for your attention.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
分析:这个模板得分高,因为结构完整(开头明确目的,主体用具体例子支持,结尾礼貌)。词汇如“frequent visitor”“disrupted”显示多样性,避免了简单句。练习时,替换关键词适应不同题目,如将“library”换成“canteen”。
示例2:投诉信(Complaint Letter)
假设题目:投诉网购商品质量问题。
高分范文模板应用:
Dear Customer Service Manager,
I am writing to complain about the defective product I received from your online store on October 15.
Firstly, the wireless headphones I ordered (Order No. 12345) arrived with a broken left earpiece, which is clearly a manufacturing defect. Moreover, the sound quality is far below the description on your website, making them unusable for daily listening. I request a full refund or a replacement within seven days, as per your return policy.
I expect a prompt response to resolve this issue. Please contact me at 1234567890 for further details.
Yours faithfully,
Li Ming
分析:投诉信需保持礼貌但坚定。模板中用“defective product”“manufacturing defect”等专业词汇,避免情绪化语言。常见变体:如果是建议信,可将“complain”改为“suggest”。
小作文高分技巧
- 字数控制:100-120词,避免过长。
- 语气:正式、礼貌,使用被动语态如“it is suggested that…”。
- 练习:每周写3篇,参考真题如2019年建议信。
第三部分:大作文高分模板
大作文是图表作文,常为柱状图、折线图或饼图,描述数据+分析原因+提出建议。模板需突出数据对比和逻辑分析。
通用大作文模板框架
开头(Introduction):描述图表(1-2句),概述趋势。
- 示例:The bar chart illustrates the changes in [主题,如college students’ online learning time] from [年份] to [年份]. It is evident that [总体趋势,如there has been a significant increase].
主体(Body):描述数据(1段)+分析原因(1-2段)。
- 描述:用比较级/最高级,如“Group A accounts for the largest proportion, at 40%.”
- 分析:用连接词如“Several factors contribute to this phenomenon.”,列出2-3点原因(e.g., technological advances, policy changes)。
结尾(Conclusion):总结+建议/展望(1段)。
- 示例:In conclusion, this trend reflects [总结]. To address potential issues, [建议,如the government should…].
示例:大作文(图表作文)
假设题目:2015-2020年中国大学生在线学习时间变化图(柱状图,显示从每周5小时增至12小时)。
高分范文模板应用:
The bar chart vividly illustrates the changes in the average weekly online learning time among Chinese college students from 2015 to 2020. Overall, there has been a remarkable upward trend, with the figure rising from 5 hours to 12 hours per week.
Several factors account for this growth. Firstly, the rapid development of technology, such as high-speed internet and mobile apps, has made online resources more accessible. For instance, platforms like MOOCs provide diverse courses that were unavailable in the past. Secondly, the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the shift to online learning, as universities closed campuses to ensure safety. Moreover, students increasingly recognize the importance of lifelong learning for career competitiveness.
In conclusion, this trend highlights the positive impact of digital education on academic development. However, to prevent digital fatigue, educators should encourage a balanced approach by integrating offline activities. With continued innovation, online learning will undoubtedly play a more vital role in higher education.
分析:
- 描述数据:用“remarkable upward trend”“rising from…to…”准确呈现变化,避免单调重复。
- 分析原因:提供具体例子(如MOOCs、COVID-19),显示深度。词汇丰富:accessible, accelerated, competitiveness。
- 结尾:平衡观点,提出建议,体现批判性思维。
- 字数:约150词,逻辑流畅。练习时,针对不同图表调整描述,如折线图用“fluctuated”代替“rose”。
大作文高分技巧
- 数据描述:用“account for”“reach a peak”等短语,避免只列数字。
- 原因分析:2-3点,结合社会热点(如环保、科技)。
- 词汇积累:趋势词(increase, decline, stabilize);连接词(however, consequently)。
第四部分:常见失分点与避雷指南
即使有模板,许多考生仍失分。以下盘点高频错误,并提供解决方案。
1. 语法与拼写错误(失分率最高,约30%)
- 常见问题:主谓不一致(如“Students is…”)、时态混乱(过去时误用现在时)、拼写错(如“enviroment”应为“environment”)。
- 避雷:写完后检查2-3遍,使用工具如Grammarly辅助。练习时,专注常见错误,如第三人称单数加-s。
- 示例:错误句“The data show that student spends more time online.” → 正确:The data show that students spend more time online.
2. 模板生搬硬套,缺乏针对性(失分率25%)
- 常见问题:直接抄模板,不改关键词,导致内容不切题。如大作文模板用于小作文。
- 避雷:理解模板逻辑,根据题目调整。多练真题,确保内容原创。记住:模板是骨架,内容是血肉。
- 示例:如果题目是环保主题,别用教育模板的“online learning”,改为“carbon emissions”。
3. 逻辑不连贯,结构松散(失分率20%)
- 常见问题:段落间无连接词,论点跳跃。如描述数据后直接结尾,无分析。
- 避雷:用过渡词(firstly, in addition, in summary)连接。确保每段有主题句。
- 示例:松散段落:“Online learning increased. Students like it.” → 连贯:Online learning increased significantly. This is because students find it convenient, as they can study anytime.
4. 词汇单一或中式表达(失分率15%)
- 常见问题:重复用“good”“more”,或中式英语如“people mountain people sea”。
- 避雷:积累同义词(如“important”→“crucial/vital”)。避免直译,多读英文范文。
- 示例:中式:“The number is very big.” → 地道:“The figure has risen dramatically.”
5. 字数不足或超限,卷面不整(失分率10%)
- 常见问题:小作文<80词,大作文<120词;字迹潦草。
- 避雷:平时计时写作(小作文20分钟,大作文30分钟)。考试时用清晰字体,留空行分段。
其他雷区
- 文化偏差:避免负面描述中国(如别说“中国教育落后”),用中性词。
- 时间管理:先写大作文(分值高),留5分钟检查。
- 心态:别慌张,模板帮你快速起步,但真题练习是王道。
结语:高效备考,轻松上岸
通过以上高分模板和失分点分析,你可以看到,考研英语二写作的核心是“结构+内容+语言”。建议每天练习一篇真题,积累10个高级词汇,每周复盘错误。坚持3个月,你的分数定能从8分提升到12分以上。记住,成功源于细节——避开雷区,灵活模板,你一定能轻松上岸!如果需要更多真题范文,欢迎继续咨询。
